1. Which scientist developed the traditional system of classifying living things into groups depending on their structure and characteristics ?
Answer
Carl Linnaeus.
2. What is the name of the system of giving organisms two names based on their genus and species ?
Answer
Binomial system.
3. Which scientist developed the 'three domain system' of classification ?
Answer
Carl Woese.
4. Give the names of the missing groups numbered 1–4 in the table below.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| 1 | Chordata |
| 2 | Mammalia |
| 3 | Carnivora |
| Family | Felidae |
| 4 | Panthera |
| species | Tigris |
Answer
5. Give the binomial name of a tiger from the table above.
Answer
Panthera tigris.
6. The figure below shows an evolutionary tree for the big cat group 'Panthera'. Identify the big cat that is most closely related to a tiger based on this evolutionary tree.
Answer
Snow leopard.
7. Identify the two big cats in the figure above that share the most recent common ancestor.
Answer
Lion and leopard.
8. The figure below shows the evolutionary tree for some organisms related to giraffes. Which two living organisms are the most closely related ?
Answer
Musk deer and bovids.
9. Due to evidence from developments in scientific techniques, there is now a 'three domain system' of classification developed by Carl Woese. Describe the three domain system of classification.
Answer
The three domains are the archaea which are primitive bacteria usually living in extreme environments, the bacteria which are the true bacteria, and the eukaryota which includes protists, fungi, plants and animals.
10. Suggest some scientific techniques that may have provided evidence for the three domain system of classification.
Answer
Improvements in microscopes, understanding of biochemical processes or genome mapping.