1. How does information pass along cells to reach the central nervous system ?
Answer
As electrical impulses.
2. What are the common names of the eye defects myopia and hyperopia ?
Answer
Myopia - short sightedness, and hyperopia - long sightedness.
3. State the two main functions of the nervous system.
Answer
To react to surroundings (or external) stimuli and to coordinate behaviour.
4. Explain what a synapse is.
Answer
A junction (or gap) between two neurones.
5. The students use a computer program to test their reaction times. They have to click a button when they see a red stop sign. Suggest two reasons why measuring reaction times with a computer will provide more valid results than the classic methods used.
Answer
The computer will give a more precise reaction time and the students will not be able to tell when the stop sign is about to appear.
6. Give two reasons why investigating and treating brain disorders is very difficult.
Answer
The brain is very complex and very delicate.
7. Give the function of the sclera.
Answer
To protect the eye.
8. Some people with myopia do not want to wear spectacles. Suggest two alternatives to wearing spectacles.
Answer
Hard or soft contact lenses, or laser surgery, can be used to change the shape of the cornea.
9. When a person's body temperature falls, they may begin to shiver. Explain how shivering can increase body temperature.
Answer
Muscles contract and relax rapidly, increasing the rate of respiration and releasing more heat energy.